Blind cave tetra
Astyanax mexicanus
Also known as Mexican tetra
Care at a glance
- Temperature
- 70–77°F (21–25°C)
- pH
- 6.0–8.0
- Adult size
- 4.7 in (12 cm)
- Minimum tank
- 25 gal (95 L)
- Temperament
- Peaceful
- Social behavior
- Social
- Swim level
- Middle
- Difficulty
- Easy
- Breeding
- Medium
- Rarity
- Rare
- Origin
- Mexico
- Family
- Characidae
Overview
They're social and best kept in a group of six or more, in a tank of about 95 liters, spending their time in the middle. They're peaceful with their own kind but active and can nip, so pair them with similarly bold tankmates rather than timid ones. They handle low to mid 20s C and a wide pH band. Feed flake, pellets, and frozen foods; they find food by smell and their lateral line, no eyes required.
In the wild
The blind cave tetra is the cave-adapted form of the Mexican tetra, found in dark limestone caves in northeastern Mexico. There's no light, food is scarce, and the water is cool and roughly neutral. In a tank they don't need darkness, but they appreciate stable, well-filtered water and some current; rockwork suits their natural setting.
Good to know
This is a characin, family Characidae, growing to about 12 cm. The cave form has lost both its eyes and its pigment over generations, while the surface form of the same species keeps normal eyes and silver color. The two are the same species and can interbreed. Conservation status is Least Concern.
Did you know
Even fully blind, these fish almost never bump into things. They map their surroundings by sensing tiny pressure changes in the water with their lateral line, and they hold their own at feeding time right alongside sighted tankmates.
Where to buy
Some links may not be the exact species or variety.
- LiveAquaria Freshwater and saltwater fish, inverts and corals
- Dan's Fish Freshwater fish, shrimp and snails with a live arrival guarantee
- Aqua Huna Freshwater fish, shrimp and plants with a three day live arrival guarantee
…or ask your local fish store.
Appears in
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Related species

Bucktooth tetra
Exodon paradoxus4.7 in (12 cm)45 gal (170 L)73–82°F (23–28°C)
Colombian Tetra
Hyphessobrycon columbianus2.6 in (6.5 cm)20 gal (75 L)73–82°F (23–28°C)
Penguin tetra
Thayeria boehlkei2.6 in (6.5 cm)20 gal (75 L)72–82°F (22–28°C)
Silver Dollar
Metynnis hypsauchen5.5 in (14 cm)70 gal (265 L)75–82°F (24–28°C)
Bleeding heart tetra
Hyphessobrycon erythrostigma2.4 in (6 cm)20 gal (75 L)70–81°F (21–27°C)
Glass bloodfin tetra
Prionobrama filigera2.4 in (6 cm)20 gal (75 L)73–81°F (23–27°C)
